城市大氣揮發性有機物排放源及來源解析

【摘要】 城市大氣揮發性有機物(VOCs)是二次有機氣溶膠(SOA)的重要前體物,而SOA又是城市大氣細粒子的重要組成成分,對大氣細粒子PM2.5的貢獻不容忽視。文章綜述了國內外城市大氣中VOCs排放源以及來源解析的研究現狀。研究結果表明:城市大氣揮發性有機物(VOCs)排放源中人為源來自汽車尾氣、燃料揮發、石油化工、涂料的使用和生物質燃料燃燒等,天然源來自植物排放;主要的排放源是汽車尾氣、燃料揮發、涂料的使用。城市大氣揮發性有機物(VOCs)來源解析方法主要為PMF、PCA/APCS受體模型。天然源主要來自于植物排放,其中排放量最大的VOCs是異戊二烯和單萜烯;人為源中最主要VOCs為苯和甲苯等芳香烴以及乙烯、異戊烷、異丁烷、丙烷、異丁烷、乙烷、正丁烷等低碳烷烴烯烴。這為進一步開展VOCs源解析研究提供參考。同時發現天然源中對SOA貢獻最大的是異戊二烯和單萜烯,人為源中芳香烴(甲苯、乙苯、間/對二甲苯、甲苯、乙苯、1,2,4-三甲苯、鄰二甲苯、1,3-二乙苯)、烯烴(蒎烯)、烷烴(正十一烷)對SOA的生成有著巨大的貢獻。

【Abstract】 Urban atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs)is an important precursor of secondary organic aerosol(SOA),while the SOA who has a huge contribution to atmospheric fine particles PM2.5is an important component of fine particles in urban air. The results shows that Automobile exhaust, fuel evaporation, petrochemical, paint use, and biomass burning are the anthropogenic sources of urban atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs), emissions from plant is the natural sources. In all of these sources, car exhaust, fuel evaporation, coating used are the main source of emissions. The main anthro-pogenic sources of VOCs are light alkanes alkenes such as benzene and toluene, and vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons, isopentane,isobutane, propane, isobutane, ethane, n-butane. This provides a reference for further analytical of VOCs source research.VOCs are also found as. an important precursor secondary organic aerosol(SOA). While the SOA is an important component of urban air particles, who has a big contribution to PM2.5. Isoprene and monoterpenes has the greatest contribution to SOA in natural sources. Aromatic hydrocarbons(toluene, ethylbenzene, m / p-xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, 1,2,4- trimethylbenzene,o-xylene, 1,3-diethylbenzene), olefin(pinene), paraffins(n-undecane) have a huge contribution to SOA in anthropogenic sources. 還原

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