VOC氣體檢測儀的設計

【作者】 李杰；

【導師】 宋智

【作者基本信息】 大連交通大學 ， 控制工程， 2014， 碩士

【摘要】 近年來,隨著經濟的日益發展和人民生活水平的不斷提高,全國各地區涌現了大量的高層建筑物,與此同時,建筑裝修裝飾行業也隨之崛起。現代家居裝修、家具及裝飾散發的揮發性有機化合物(VOC)所引起的室內空氣污染問題引起了社會各界人士的重視及媒體的關注。如何有效地控制室內空氣污染的問題成了我國室內空氣研究領域的一大熱點。本文針對室內空氣污染問題,設計了一款功能完善的VOC氣體檢測儀,實現了VOC氣體檢測儀對室內空氣質量的實時檢測與分析,人為的選擇檢測VOC氣體的種類,測量VOC中某種特定氣體的濃度并設置報警值。該檢測儀彌補了現有氣體檢測儀檢測氣體種類單一的不足。本文介紹了VOC氣體檢測儀的設計。重點闡述了VOC氣體檢測儀的構成及其工作原理,采用半導體VOC傳感器和AVR單片機作為核心部件,設計了單片機控制電路、聲光報警電路、鍵盤接口電路、電源電路及液晶顯示電路的硬件電路及其固件程序編程,并指出在系統設計和測試過程中應該注意的一些常見問題。最后,對VOC氣體檢測儀的性能測試,將理論值與測量值做了詳細的比較,驗證了系統的靈敏度和精確度。檢測儀基本達到設計要求,具有體積小巧、界面友好、靈敏度好、測量精度高、工作時間長等優點,是一套較實用的VOC氣體檢測裝置。

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the development of economy and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the various regions of the country have emerged a large number of high-rise buildings, at the same time, building decoration industry is rising. Modern home decoration, indoor air pollution and decorative furniture volatile organic compounds emitted (VOC) caused aroused public attention and media attention. How to control the indoor air pollution effectively has become an issue in the field of indoor air research hotspot.In this paper, a fully functional VOC gas detector, which to solve the problem of indoor air pollution, has been designed, and gas detector can detect and analysis gas of indoor in real time. Different VOC gasses can be detected, one of the specifically gasses can be measured and alarm value can be set. The detector can detect three kinds of gasses instead of a single type of gas detector today.This paper describes the design of VOC gas detector. Focuses on the composition and working principle of VOC gas detector. This design adopts the VOC semiconductor sensor and AVR microcontroller as a core component to design the VOC gas detection. This paper makes a detailed explanation of the design of the whole system in terms of hardware, MCU control circuit design, sound and light alarm circuit, keyboard interface circuits, power circuits and LCD hardware circuit and firmware programming circuit, and pointed out some of the common problems in the system design and testing process should be noted.At the end, test the performance of VOC gas detector. Through prototype testing and accuracy tests comparing the actual value and the measured value VOC gas detector that basically meet the design requirements. Verify the sensitivity and accuracy of the system. Has a compact, user-friendly, good sensitivity, high accuracy, long working time, etc., which is a more practical VOC gas detection device.

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